Study of the predominant defect development in rails of underground systems after preventive grinding and lubrication

In order to determine the method of contact surface treatment and to define the rational surface roughness in the wheel/rail contact for the minimal growth rate of contact fatigue defects the program of experiments in operational conditions was developed.On the basis of the results and calculations the coefficients of regression equations, which de

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Linear Tool Path-Smoothing Method in High-Speed Machining Based on Error Feasible Area and Curvature Optimization

Laces Linear tool path is widely used in high-speed NC machining.However, the geometrical discontinuity of the corner between the linear tool paths will lead to fluctuations in speed, acceleration and jerk, which can excite machinery vibration and reduce the machining efficiency and surface quality.To solve these problems, a novel corner smoothing

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Astrospheres and Solar-like Stellar Winds

Stellar analogs for the solar wind have proven to be frustratingly difficult to detect directly.However, these stellar winds can be studied indirectly by observing the interaction regions carved out by the collisions between these winds and the interstellar medium (ISM).These interaction regions are called "astrospheres", analogous to the "heliosph

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